Who Was Alive

Who was alive in 1881?

298 of the people we track were surely alive in 1881. The best known are listed first, with the age each reached that year.

Born in 1881: Pablo Picasso, John XXIII, Alexander Fleming, Lu Xun, Stefan Zweig, Béla Bartók, Juan Ramón Jiménez and Roger Martin du Gard.

Died in 1881: Fyodor Dostoyevsky, James A. Garfield, Benjamin Disraeli, Thomas Carlyle and Alexander II of Russia.

  1. Albert Einstein2
  2. Karl Marx63
  3. Vladimir Lenin11
  4. Mahatma Gandhi12
  5. Leo Tolstoy53
  6. Charles Darwin72
  7. Joseph Stalin3
  8. Victor Hugo79
  9. Vincent van Gogh28
  10. Pablo Picassoborn
  11. Winston Churchill7
  12. Fyodor Dostoyevsky59 †
  13. Friedrich Nietzsche37
  14. Thomas Edison34
  15. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk0–2
  16. Mark Twain46
  17. Sigmund Freud25
  18. Marie Curie14
  19. Rabindranath Tagore20
  20. Anton Chekhov21
  21. Oscar Wilde27
  22. Otto von Bismarck66
  23. Nikola Tesla25
  24. Louis Pasteur59
  25. Richard Wagner68
  26. Henry Ford18
  27. Friedrich Engels61
  28. Sarah Bernhardt37
  29. Alfred Nobel48
  30. Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky41
  31. Theodore Roosevelt23
  32. Marcel Proust10
  33. Jules Verne53
  34. Woodrow Wilson25
  35. Rosa Luxemburg10
  36. Roald Amundsen9
  37. Rudyard Kipling16
  38. George Bernard Shaw25
  39. Bertrand Russell9
  40. Leon Trotsky2
  41. Max Planck23
  42. Arthur Conan Doyle22
  43. Maxim Gorky13
  44. Henri Matisse12
  45. Giuseppe Verdi68
  46. Dmitri Mendeleev47
  47. Frank Lloyd Wright14
  48. Victoria62
  49. Ernest Rutherford10
  50. Max Weber17
  51. Henrik Ibsen53
  52. H. G. Wells15
  53. Helen Keller1
  54. Émile Zola41
  55. David Hilbert19
  56. Thomas Mann6
  57. Herbert Hoover7
  58. Hermann Hesse4
  59. Johannes Brahms48
  60. Anatole France37
  61. Alexander Graham Bell34
  62. Octave Mirbeau33
  63. Calvin Coolidge9
  64. Ulysses S. Grant59
  65. Lewis Carroll49
  66. Wilhelm Röntgen36
  67. Ralph Waldo Emerson78
  68. Claude Monet41
  69. Guy de Maupassant31
  70. Selma Lagerlöf23
  71. Robert Louis Stevenson31
  72. William Butler Yeats16
  73. Ivan Turgenev63
  74. Sun Yat-sen15
  75. Carl Jung6
  76. Florence Nightingale61
  77. Antonín Dvořák40
  78. Gustav Mahler21
  79. Walt Whitman62
  80. James A. Garfield49 †
  81. Emily Dickinson51
  82. William Howard Taft24
  83. Giacomo Puccini23
  84. Konrad Adenauer5
  85. Grover Cleveland44
  86. Jack London5
  87. Arthur Rimbaud27
  88. André Gide12
  89. William McKinley38
  90. L. L. Zamenhof22
  91. Warren G. Harding16
  92. Romain Rolland15
  93. Rutherford B. Hayes59
  94. Paul Cézanne42
  95. Henryk Sienkiewicz35
  96. Benjamin Disraeli76 †
  97. Henri Bergson22
  98. Swami Vivekananda18
  99. Nicholas II of Russia13
  100. John XXIIIborn
  101. Benjamin Harrison48
  102. James Prescott Joule63
  103. Knut Hamsun22
  104. Alexander Flemingborn
  105. Gregor Mendel59
  106. Luigi Pirandello14
  107. Rainer Maria Rilke6
  108. Paul Gauguin33
  109. Chester A. Arthur52
  110. Maurice Maeterlinck19
  111. Giuseppe Garibaldi74
  112. Herman Melville62
  113. Auguste Rodin41
  114. Antoni Gaudí29
  115. Henri Poincaré27
  116. Pierre Curie22
  117. Claude Debussy19
  118. Wilhelm II22
  119. Guglielmo Marconi7
  120. Joseph Conrad24

The 120 best known of 298 are listed.